KAJIAN PERHITUNGAN EXPECTED APPROACH TIME DALAM STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE PADA PELAYANAN APPROACH CONTROL UNIT DI PERUM LPPNPI CABANG AMBON

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis perhitungan
Expected Approach Time (EAT) dalam Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) pada
pelayanan Approach Control Unit di Perum LPPNPI Cabang Ambon, karena
hingga saat ini belum terdapat prosedur perhitungan EAT yang terstandar dalam
SOP. Sedangkan EAT merupakan elemen krusial dalam pengaturan lalu lintas
udara yang berdampak langsung terhadap efisiensi, keselamatan, dan keteraturan
penerbangan. Kajian ini mencakup perhitungan dan pemberian EAT oleh
pengendali lalu lintas udara (ATC), dampaknya terhadap kelancaran dan
keselamatan penerbangan, serta peran EAT dalam kondisi khusus seperti kegagalan
komunikasi.
Metode Penelitian dalam Penelitian ini penulis menggunkan Penelitian
Deskriptif Kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi langsung di Bandar
Udara Pattimura Ambon, wawancara terstruktur dengan Manajer Operasi dan
personel ATC di Perum LPPNPI Cabang Ambon, serta dokumentasi. Analisis data
dilakukan menggunakan teknik analisis data Miles dan Huberman, yang meliputi
reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan dan verifikasi kesimpulan.
Hasil observasi dan wawancara menunjukkan bahwa pemberian EAT belum
optimal karena belum adanya metode perhitungan yang jelas dalam SOP. Kondisi
ini menyebabkan ketidakpastian bagi pilot yang dapat mengurangi efisiensi
terutama dalam situasi holding atau kepadatan lalu lintas. Pesawat seringkali hanya
diberikan approach sequence tanpa EAT, yang menyebabkan pilot sering meminta
informasi Traffic position, meningkatkan load of communication. tantangan utama
adalah belum adanya perhitungan EAT yang baku dalam SOP. Oleh karena itu,
penulis menyarankan untuk menyusun dan menetapkan prosedur perhitungan EAT
yang jelas dalam SOP, mengadakan sosialisasi bagi ATC, serta Implementasi EAT
yang tepat dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan keselamatan pelayanan approach
control unit di Perum LPPNPI Cabang Ambon
Kata kunci : Expected Approach Time (EAT), Standard Operating Procedure
(SOP), Approach Control Unit, Perum LPPNPI Cabang Ambon, Air Traffic Control
(ATC).
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This study aims to examine and analyze the calculation of Expected
Approach Time (EAT) within the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for the
Approach Control Unit at Perum LPPNPI Ambon Branch, as there is currently no
standardized procedure for calculating EAT in the existing SOP. Yet, EAT is a
crucial element in air Traffic management that directly impacts the efficiency,
safety, and orderliness of flight operations. This study covers the calculation and
provision of EAT by air Traffic controllers (ATC), its impact on the smoothness and
safety of air Traffic services, as well as its role in special conditions such as
communication failures.
This study uses a descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected
through direct observation at Pattimura Airport Ambon, structured interviews with
the Operations Manager and ATC personnel at Perum LPPNPI Ambon, as well as
documentation study. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model,
which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing and
verification.
Observations and interviews show that the provision of EAT is not yet
optimal due to the absence of a clear calculation method in the SOP. This condition
leads to uncertainty for pilots, reducing efficiency, especially during holding or
high-Traffic situations. Aircraft are often only given an approach sequence without
EAT, causing pilots to frequently request Traffic position information and
increasing communication load. The main challenge lies in the lack of a
standardized EAT calculation in the SOP. Therefore, the study recommends the
formulation and implementation of a clear EAT calculation procedure,
socialization for ATC personnel, and proper application to improve the efficiency
and safety of approach control services at Perum LPPNPI Ambon Branch.
Keywords: Expected Approach Time (EAT), Standard Operating Procedure (SOP),
Approach Control Unit, Perum LPPNPI Cabang Ambon, Air Traffic Control
(ATC)