PENGARUH INTENSITAS PENGAWASAN PETUGAS AVIATION SECURITY DAN KEJELASAN INFORMASI LARANGAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN PENUMPANG TERKAIT PROHIBITED ITEMS DI BANDARA INTERNASIONAL JUANDA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh intensitas pengawasan petugas Aviation Security dan kejelasan informasi larangan terhadap kepatuhan penumpang terkait prohibited items di Bandara Internasional Juanda. Permasalahan penelitian didasarkan pada masih ditemukannya penumpang yang membawa barang terlarang, yang mengungkapkan bahwa tingkat kepatuhan terhadap aturan keamanan penerbangan belum optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode analisis jalur (path analysis) berbasis Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM) untuk menguji hipotesis mengenai pengaruh kedua variabel tersebut terhadap kepatuhan penumpang. Data dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada 100 responden penumpang keberangkatan di T1 (Terminal Domestik) Bandara Internasional Juanda dengan teknik accidental sampling, yaitu penentuan sampel merujuk kebetulan kepada penumpang yang ditemui dan memenuhi kriteria sebagai responden. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi SmartPLS untuk menguji validitas, reliabilitas, serta hubungan antar variabel. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa intensitas pengawasan petugas Aviation Security berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepatuhan penumpang dengan nilai koefisien mencapai 0,540 dan nilai signifikansi 0,000 (<0,05). Kejelasan informasi larangan juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepatuhan penumpang dengan nilai koefisien mencapai 0,608 dan nilai signifikansi 0,000 (<0,05), serta mempunyai pengaruh yang lebih dominan. Secara simultan, kedua variabel tersebut mampu menerangkan mencapai 66,8% variasi kepatuhan penumpang (R-square = 0,668). Merujuk hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kepatuhan penumpang terhadap aturan prohibited items dipengaruhi oleh intensitas pengawasan dan kejelasan informasi larangan. Oleh sebab itu, hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan evaluasi bagi pihak bandara dalam meningkatkan efektivitas pengawasan serta kualitas penyampaian informasi kepada penumpang guna mendukung keamanan dan kelancaran operasional penerbangan.

Kata kunci: intensitas pengawasan, kejelasan informasi larangan, kepatuhan penumpang, prohibited items, Aviation Security.

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This study investigates the influence of the supervision intensity of Aviation Security officers and the clarity of prohibited items information on passenger compliance regarding prohibited items regulations at Juanda International Airport. The research problem arises from the persistent occurrence of passengers carrying prohibited items, indicating that compliance with aviation security regulations has not yet reached an optimal level and reflecting a disparity between regulatory standards and passenger behavior. This study employs a quantitative approach using path analysis based on Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM) to examine the relationships among the variables. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 100 departing passengers at T1 (Domestic Terminal) of Juanda International Airport using an accidental sampling technique, in which respondents were selected based on incidental encounters with individuals meeting the research criteria. The collected data were analyzed using SmartPLS software to evaluate validity, reliability, and structural relationships among variables. The findings reveal that the supervision intensity of Aviation Security officers has a positive and statistically significant effect on passenger compliance, with a coefficient value of 0.540 and a significance level of 0.000 (<0.05). Furthermore, the clarity of prohibited items information also demonstrates a positive and statistically significant influence on passenger compliance, with a coefficient value of 0.608 and a significance level of 0.000 (<0.05), while also emerging as the more dominant variable. Simultaneously, both independent variables explain 66.8% of the variance in passenger compliance, as indicated by the R-square value of 0.668. In light of these findings, it may be inferred that passenger compliance with prohibited items regulations is significantly determined by the supervision intensity of Aviation Security officers and the clarity of prohibited items information. Therefore, this study is expected to serve as an evaluative reference for airport authorities in improving supervisory effectiveness and enhancing information dissemination to support aviation security and operational efficiency.

Keywords: supervision intensity, clarity of prohibited items information, passenger compliance, prohibited items, Aviation Security.